IRS Form 1040-ES: Estimated Tax for Individuals
Form 1040-ES helps you figure and pay estimated tax during the year on income that has no withholding, such as self-employment, interest or rental income. It includes a worksheet and payment vouchers. Paying estimated tax can reduce the chance of an underpayment penalty when you file your return.
What this form is for
It is a worksheet plus vouchers for paying tax in parts across the year, instead of all at once when you file. The IRS page lists the payment dates for the current year.
When people usually use it
Freelancers, gig workers, landlords and retirees with untaxed income often use it. It also comes up after a balance due notice, when someone wants to avoid owing again next year.
What to have ready
- Last year's return
- An estimate of this year's income and deductions
- Bank details if you pay online
Notices that mention it
- IRS Notice CP14: Balance due
- IRS Notice CP30: Penalty for underpaying estimated tax
Related forms
- Form 2210: Underpayment of Estimated Tax by Individuals, Estates and Trusts
- Form 1040: U.S. Individual Income Tax Return
- Schedule SE: Self-Employment Tax
- Form W-4: Employee's Withholding Certificate
Read the IRS page
IRS.gov page for Form 1040-ES (opens in a new tab). The IRS page is the final word on this form.
Frequently asked questions
What is IRS Form 1040-ES?
Form 1040-ES helps you figure and pay estimated tax during the year on income that has no withholding, such as self-employment, interest or rental income. It includes a worksheet and payment vouchers. Paying estimated tax can reduce the chance of an underpayment penalty when you file your return.
Where do I get Form 1040-ES?
Get it from IRS.gov. The IRS page for Form 1040-ES, https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-1040-es, has the latest revision, the instructions and any recent changes.
Do I need to file Form 1040-ES?
That depends on your own facts. The instructions on IRS.gov explain who uses Form 1040-ES, and any IRS letter you got may say what it needs from you. This is not tax advice.
What should I have ready for Form 1040-ES?
Gather: last year's return; an estimate of this year's income and deductions; bank details if you pay online. The instructions on IRS.gov list everything the form asks for.
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